MLA
In-Text Citation Guide
You must give proper credit whenever you quote someone or use another person's ideas. You give credit by using in-text citations. There are several ways to properly cite sources within the text of your paper.
Single Phrase
In a single phrase the author's name followed by a verb introduces the cited material. In this case, the page number is placed in parentheses at the end of the sentence.
Examples:
Single phrase in a quotation
According to Cantor Leo Fettman, "Exactly seventy Jews were shoved into each boxcar. "Eins, zwei, drei," until "siebzig," counted the Nazis" (81).
Single phrase in a paraphrase or partial quote
According to Cantor Leo Fettman, once the boxcars were full "the metal door was slammed shut" (81).
Single phrase in a summary
Cantor Leo Fettman states that children were not allowed to stay with their parents if the boxcar was full (81).
Examples:
Single phrase in a quotation
According to Cantor Leo Fettman, "Exactly seventy Jews were shoved into each boxcar. "Eins, zwei, drei," until "siebzig," counted the Nazis" (81).
Single phrase in a paraphrase or partial quote
According to Cantor Leo Fettman, once the boxcars were full "the metal door was slammed shut" (81).
Single phrase in a summary
Cantor Leo Fettman states that children were not allowed to stay with their parents if the boxcar was full (81).
Parenthetical Reference
In a parenthetical reference the author's name and page number are placed inside parentheses at the end of the sentence.
Examples:
Parenthetical reference in a summary
Children were not allowed to stay with their parents if the boxcar was full (Fettman 81).
Parenthetical reference in a quotation
The soldiers used rifle butts to push the Jews into the boxcars "like a herd of cattle being led to the slaughterhouse" (Fettman 81).
Examples:
Parenthetical reference in a summary
Children were not allowed to stay with their parents if the boxcar was full (Fettman 81).
Parenthetical reference in a quotation
The soldiers used rifle butts to push the Jews into the boxcars "like a herd of cattle being led to the slaughterhouse" (Fettman 81).
Note:
1. If you cite the same source a second time and no other sources have been cited in between you only need the page number in parentheses for the second citation.
2. If the entire paragraph is based on one source and you introduced the source (author) at the beginning of the paragraph you may use the page number in parentheses for each reference in the paragraph.
2. If the entire paragraph is based on one source and you introduced the source (author) at the beginning of the paragraph you may use the page number in parentheses for each reference in the paragraph.
Back to "Plagiarism & Citing Sources"
References
SIU Writing Center. (2012). Southern Illinois University. Retrieved November 13, 2012, from
http://write.siu.edu/Writing%20Resources.html.
http://write.siu.edu/Writing%20Resources.html.